බී. Alkaline welding rods and fluxes shall be used and thoroughly dried.
ඇ. DC reverse connection and short arc welding shall be adopted.

බී. Certain alloy elements are added to reduce columnar crystals and segregation. For example, aluminum and iron can refine grains.
ඇ. The weld with shallow penetration shall be used to improve the heat dissipation condition so that the low melting point material floats on the weld surface and does not exist in the weld.
.. Welding specifications shall be reasonably selected, and preheating and afterheating shall be adopted to reduce the cooling rate.
ඊ. Adopt reasonable assembly sequence to reduce welding stress.

බී. Reasonably preheat or use afterheat to control the cooling rate.
ඇ. Reduce residual stress to avoid stress concentration.
.. During tempering, avoid the sensitive temperature zone of reheat cracks or shorten the residence time in this temperature zone.

බී. The preheating temperature shall be increased, the post heating measures shall be taken, and the interpass temperature shall not be less than the preheating temperature. The reasonable welding specification shall be selected to avoid brittle and hard structures in the weld.
ඇ. Select reasonable welding sequence to reduce welding deformation and welding stress.
.. Conduct hydrogen elimination heat treatment in time after welding